What does the term "national interest" refer to in international relations?

The term "national interest" in international relations primarily refers to the goals and objectives of a state. This concept encompasses the strategic aims that a nation seeks to achieve in the international arena, including security, economic prosperity, and the promotion of its values and interests. National interest guides a country's foreign policy decisions, shaping how it interacts with other nations and responds to global events.

A state's national interest can involve a variety of factors, such as ensuring the safety and security of its citizens, maintaining territorial integrity, fostering favorable economic conditions, and enhancing its influence on the global stage. These objectives often drive diplomatic actions, military engagements, and alliances.

In contrast, cultural values represent the beliefs and practices within a society, legislative policies reflect the internal governance and laws established by a government, while historical events provide context for a nation's current standing but do not define its immediate goals. Thus, the focus on the state's aspirations characterizes the essence of national interest in international relations.