What does the term “security dilemma” describe?

The term “security dilemma” accurately describes a scenario where one state's efforts to enhance its own security inadvertently lead to increased insecurity for other states. This occurs because when a state takes measures to bolster its military capabilities or defensive posture, neighboring states may perceive these actions as a potential threat. This perception can incite them to respond by increasing their own military capabilities, leading to an arms race or heightened tensions. Consequently, instead of promoting security for all involved, individual states' actions can create a cycle of suspicion and escalation, where each state feels less secure due to the actions of others. This dynamic underlines the complexities of international relations and the challenges states face in balancing their own security with that of others. The "security dilemma" highlights the unintended consequences of security policies, reinforcing that changes in one state's security posture can lead to instability in the broader regional or international context.