What is meant by the term “soft power”?

The term "soft power" refers to the ability of a country or entity to influence others through attraction and co-option rather than coercion or force. This concept, popularized by political scientist Joseph Nye, emphasizes the significance of cultural influence, diplomacy, political values, and foreign policies that are seen as legitimate or moral. When a nation embodies values that resonate with other countries, it can attract allies, foster cooperation, and establish a favorable international image without relying on military might or economic pressure.

This contrasts sharply with the other options, which focus on hard power tactics like military intervention, sanctions, or coercive measures. Such strategies often lead to resistance and conflict, whereas soft power nurtures engagement and collaboration. By leveraging cultural affinity, shared values, and appealing narratives, nations practicing soft power can create stronger alliances and enhance their global standing without resorting to forceful means.