What term describes the idea that interests of states and actors are shaped by social constructs?

The term that describes the idea that the interests of states and actors are shaped by social constructs is constructivism. This theoretical framework emphasizes that the behaviors, identities, and interests of states and other international actors are not determined solely by material factors, such as military power or economic resources. Instead, constructivism posits that these elements are influenced by social interactions, cultural norms, historical contexts, and collective meanings.

In constructivism, the significance of ideas, beliefs, and identities is crucial. For instance, how states view themselves and others in the international system affects their foreign policies and interactions. The theory highlights that social environments and relations can alter the way actors perceive their interests, fostering various interpretations of actions and reactions in the global arena.

Materialism, realism, and rationalism focus more on tangible resources and power dynamics, often neglecting the profound impact of ideas and social constructs on international relations. By placing importance on these social factors, constructivism provides a nuanced understanding of international politics that incorporates the complexity of human behavior and social contexts.