Which term refers to the ability to control one's territory and govern without outside interference?

Sovereignty is the term that denotes the ability of a state or governing entity to exercise control over its own territory and to govern itself without external interference. This concept is foundational in international relations, as it establishes the framework within which states operate as independent political entities. Sovereignty implies that a government has the ultimate authority over its territory, including the power to make laws, enforce them, and conduct foreign relations on its own terms.

In the context of international law and relations, the principle of sovereignty is essential for maintaining order among nations, as it recognizes the rights of states to self-governance. This often includes aspects such as diplomatic recognition, territorial claims, and the ability to enter into treaties or alliances.

While concepts like autonomy and territorial integrity are related, they do not encapsulate the full scope of sovereignty. Autonomy typically refers to a degree of self-governance within a larger entity, often implying some level of oversight or interference from a higher authority. Territorial integrity relates to the inviolability of a nation's borders and the right to maintain those borders against external aggression. However, sovereignty encompasses both the right to govern autonomously and the recognition of that governance by other states in the international system.